Inglês para Iniciantes
Intermediário
⚡ 50 XP
⏱ 15 min
Missão 16 — Pergunte e negue em inglês
Negar e fazer perguntas no presente simples usando do/does e don't/doesn't.
🎯
Objetivo desta lição
Transformar frases afirmativas em negativas e perguntas, e responder com short answers corretas.
Pratique agora
Exercícios interativos
A forma negativa
Para negar no presente simples, usamos o auxiliar do not (don't) ou does not (doesn't) antes do verbo principal — que volta à forma base, sem -s:
| Pronome | Auxiliar | Contração | Exemplo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | do not | don't | I don't like coffee. |
| You | do not | don't | You don't work here. |
| He | does not | doesn't | He doesn't live in Rio. |
| She | does not | doesn't | She doesn't speak French. |
| It | does not | doesn't | It doesn't work. |
| We | do not | don't | We don't study on Sundays. |
| They | do not | don't | They don't have a car. |
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Regra de ouro — verbo principal volta ao infinitivo!
Na negativa e na pergunta, o verbo principal não recebe -s. O -s vai para o auxiliar (does):
✅ She doesn't work. (not "She doesn't works")
✅ He doesn't have a car. (not "He doesn't has a car")
✅ Does she study? (not "Does she studies?")
✅ She doesn't work. (not "She doesn't works")
✅ He doesn't have a car. (not "He doesn't has a car")
✅ Does she study? (not "Does she studies?")
Afirmativo → Negativo
| Afirmativo | Negativo | Tradução |
|---|---|---|
| I like coffee. | I don't like coffee. | Não gosto de café. |
| She works on weekends. | She doesn't work on weekends. | Ela não trabalha nos fins de semana. |
| He has a car. | He doesn't have a car. | Ele não tem carro. |
| They live in Brazil. | They don't live in Brazil. | Eles não moram no Brasil. |
| We study on Sundays. | We don't study on Sundays. | Não estudamos aos domingos. |
A forma interrogativa — perguntas de sim/não
Para perguntar, colocamos Do ou Does no início da frase, antes do sujeito:
| Pronome | Auxiliar | Estrutura | Exemplo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | Do | Do + sujeito + verbo base | Do you speak English? |
| He / She / It | Does | Does + sujeito + verbo base | Does she work here? |
Afirmativo → Pergunta
| Afirmativo | Pergunta | Tradução |
|---|---|---|
| You speak English. | Do you speak English? | Você fala inglês? |
| She works here. | Does she work here? | Ela trabalha aqui? |
| He likes soccer. | Does he like soccer? | Ele gosta de futebol? |
| They study every day. | Do they study every day? | Eles estudam todo dia? |
| It rains a lot here. | Does it rain a lot here? | Chove muito aqui? |
Respostas curtas
| Pergunta | Sim | Não |
|---|---|---|
| Do you speak English? | Yes, I do. | No, I don't. |
| Does she work here? | Yes, she does. | No, she doesn't. |
| Do they study? | Yes, they do. | No, they don't. |
| Does he like music? | Yes, he does. | No, he doesn't. |
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Nunca repita o verbo na resposta curta!
❌ "Do you like it?" — "Yes, I like."
✅ "Do you like it?" — "Yes, I do."
❌ "Does she study?" — "No, she does not study."
✅ "Does she study?" — "No, she doesn't."
✅ "Do you like it?" — "Yes, I do."
❌ "Does she study?" — "No, she does not study."
✅ "Does she study?" — "No, she doesn't."
Perguntas com palavras interrogativas (Wh-)
Para perguntas com informação específica, adicionamos a palavra interrogativa antes do auxiliar:
| Palavra | Significado | Estrutura | Exemplo |
|---|---|---|---|
| What | O quê / Qual | What + do/does + sujeito + verbo | What do you do? (Qual é a sua profissão?) |
| Where | Onde | Where + do/does + sujeito + verbo | Where do you live? |
| When | Quando | When + do/does + sujeito + verbo | When does she start work? |
| Why | Por quê | Why + do/does + sujeito + verbo | Why do you study English? |
| How | Como | How + do/does + sujeito + verbo | How do you go to work? |
| How often | Com que frequência | How often + do/does + sujeito + verbo | How often does he go to the gym? |
| Who | Quem | Who + do/does + sujeito + verbo | Who do you work with? |
Do vs Does — resumo visual
| DO | DOES |
|---|---|
| I, You, We, They | He, She, It |
| Do you like tea? | Does she like tea? |
| I don't work. | She doesn't work. |
| Yes, I do. | Yes, she does. |
| No, they don't. | No, he doesn't. |
Diálogo — entrevista de emprego
👔 Entrev.:
Do you speak English?
Você fala inglês?
👩 Ana:
Yes, I do. I also speak Spanish, but I don't speak French.
Sim. Também falo espanhol, mas não falo francês.
👔 Entrev.:
Where do you live?
Onde você mora?
👩 Ana:
I live in São Paulo. I don't live far from here.
Moro em São Paulo. Não moro longe daqui.
👔 Entrev.:
Does your husband work in this area too?
Seu marido também trabalha nesta área?
👩 Ana:
No, he doesn't. He works at a hospital downtown.
Não, ele não trabalha. Ele trabalha num hospital no centro.
⚠
Erros muito comuns
❌ She doesn't works. → ✅ She doesn't work. (sem -s após doesn't)
❌ He doesn't has a car. → ✅ He doesn't have a car.
❌ Does you speak English? → ✅ Do you speak English?
❌ Yes, I do like. → ✅ Yes, I do. (resposta curta)
❌ Where you live? → ✅ Where do you live? (não esqueça o do/does!)
❌ He doesn't has a car. → ✅ He doesn't have a car.
❌ Does you speak English? → ✅ Do you speak English?
❌ Yes, I do like. → ✅ Yes, I do. (resposta curta)
❌ Where you live? → ✅ Where do you live? (não esqueça o do/does!)
Negativa: don't / doesn't
I/You/We/They + don't + verbo base · He/She/It + doesn't + verbo base. Verbo NUNCA recebe -s!
Interrogativa: Do / Does
Do + I/You/We/They + verbo base? · Does + He/She/It + verbo base?
Perguntas Wh-
What, Where, When, Why, How, How often + do/does + sujeito + verbo base.
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Verbo volta ao infinitivo
Após don't/doesn't e em perguntas com do/does, o verbo principal SEMPRE vai para o infinitivo sem -s.
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Resposta curta
"Do you...?" → Yes, I do. / No, I don't. "Does she...?" → Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
⚠ Erros comuns
❌ "doesn't works" → ✅ "doesn't work" · ❌ "Does you" → ✅ "Do you" · ❌ "Where you live?" → ✅ "Where do you live?"
Perguntas frequentes
O -s da 3ª pessoa vai para o auxiliar "does" — é como se ele "migrasse": "She works" → "She does work" → "She doesn't work" / "Does she work?". O marcador de 3ª pessoa só aparece UMA VEZ na frase, e na negativa/interrogativa ele está no auxiliar.
Resposta curta: "Yes, I do." / "No, she doesn't." Resposta completa: "Do you like coffee?" → "Yes, I do. I drink coffee every morning." Para negar com informação extra: "No, I don't. I prefer tea." Na fala natural, a resposta curta + explicação adicional soa muito natural.
"What do you do?" (presente simples) = pergunta sobre profissão/hábito. Resposta: "I'm a teacher." / "I work at a bank." "What are you doing?" (presente contínuo) = o que está fazendo AGORA. Resposta: "I'm reading a book." / "I'm watching TV."
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